"Lai arī cik grūta šķistu dzīve, vienmēr ir kaut kas, ko varat izdarīt un gūt panākumus." - Stīvens Hokings
Stīvens V. Hokings (1942-2018) will be remembered not just for being an accomplished theoretical physicist with a brilliant mind but also for symbolising the ability of the human spirit to rise and triumph above severe physical disability of the body and achieve what is presumed to be the unthinkable. Prof Hawking was diagnosed with a debilitating condition when he was barely 21 years old, but he showed resilience over his adversities and continued to engage his mind in an attempt to theorize some of the intriguing scientific mysteries of the visums.
Ideja par melnie caurumi emerged from Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity. The cosmic objects melnie caurumi– thought to be the biggest enigmas of the known visums– are extremely dense, so dense that nothing escapes their huge gravity, not even the light. Everything gets sucked into it. This is the reason melnie caurumi tiek saukti melnie caurumi because nothing can escape its clutches and also its impossible to see a melnais caurums. Tāpēc, ka melnie caurumi do not emit light or energy in any form unlike all other cosmic objects, they would never undergo explosion. This meant melnie caurumi would be immortal.
Stephen Hawking questioned the immortality of the melnie caurumi.
Savā vēstulē ar nosaukumu ''Melnie caurumi explosions?’’publicēts daba in 19741, Hawking came up with the theoretical conclusion that not everything is sucked into a melnais caurums un melnie caurumi emit an electromagnetic radiation called Hawking starojums, detailing that radiation can escape from a melnais caurums, because of the laws of quantum mechanics. Thus, melnais caurumss too would explode and convert to gamma rays. He showed that any melnais caurums will create and emit particles such as neutrinos or photons. As a melnais caurums emits radiation one would expect it to lose mass. This in turn would increase the surface gravity and so increase the rate of emission. The melnais caurums would therefore have a finite life and eventually disappear into nothing.This stuck down the long-held idea by the theoretical physicists that black holes are immortal.
Jūsu darbs IR Klientu apkalpošana Hawking starojums was thought to contain no useful information about what the melnais caurums engulfed because the information swallowed up by the melnais caurums would have been lost forever.In a recent study published in 2016 in Physical Review Letters, Hawking showed that black holes have a halo of ‘soft hair’ (technically, low-energy quantum excitations) around them which might store the information. More research on this could perhaps lead toan understanding andan eventual resolution of the melnais caurums informācijas problēma.
Any proof of Hawking’s theory? No observational confirmation yet seen in the cosmos. Melnie caurumi are too long-lived to be observed today at their end.
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Avots (-i)
1. Hokings S 1974. Melnā cauruma sprādzieni? daba. 248. https://doi.org/10.1038/248030a0
2. Hokings S et al 2016. Soft Hair on Black Holes. Fiz. Rev. Lett.. 116. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.231301
